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((O1-E)^2)/E = 0.078
((O2-E)^2)/E = 0.001
((O3-E)^2)/E = 0.061
Labels: 6 sigma, Basic Stat
Artigos Relacionados:Labels: 6 sigma, Basic Stat
Artigos Relacionados:Labels: 6 sigma, Basic Stat
Artigos Relacionados:Labels: Management
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ข้อมูลเชิงปริมาณ (Quantitative data) หมายถึงข้อมูลที่อยู่ในรูปตัวเลข (numerical data) ที่แสดงถึงปริมาณ ที่นับได้หรือวัดได้
ข้อมูลเชิงปริมาณก็สามารถ แบ่งได้สองประเภท ด้วยกันคือ ข้อมูลที่ไม่ต่อเนื่อง (discrete) คือค่าที่เป็นจำนวนเต็มหรือจำนวนนับ เช่น
จำนวน รถยนต์ในกรุงเทพมหานคร จำนวนบุตรในครอบครัว หรือที่คนในโรงงานคุ้นเคยกันดีก็คือ จุดตำหนิ หรือ
จำนวนของเสีย defected เป็นต้น ประเภทที่สองคือข้อมูลที่ต่อเนื่อง (continuous) คือค่าที่มีจุดทศนิยมได้ เช่น ข้อมูลที่อ่านได้จากเครื่องมือวัดต่างๆ
นั่นเองLabels: Basic Stat
Artigos Relacionados:Labels: Management
Artigos Relacionados:Labels: Plastics
Artigos Relacionados:Labels: Minitab
Artigos Relacionados:Polycarbonate (PC) - This material is formed by a condensation polymerization resulting in a carbon that is bonded to three oxygens. The most common system for this polymerization is formed by a reaction of bisphenol A and phosgene. Applications of polycarbonate are almost always those which take advantage of its uniquely high impact strength and its exceptional clarity. These unique properties have resulted in applications such as bulletproof windows, break resistant lenses, compact discs, etc. More recently however, additional interest has resulted because of the low flammability of polycarbonate.
Labels: Plastics
Artigos Relacionados:Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is a thermoplastic made from petroleum. It was the first grade of polyethylene, produced in 1933 by Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) using a high pressure process via free radical polymerization. Its manufacture employs the same method today. LDPE is commonly recycled and has the number "4" as its recycling symbol. Despite competition from more modern polymers, LDPE continues to be an important plastic grade. In 2009 the worldwide LDPE market reached a volume of 22.2 billion US-Dollars (15.9 billion Euro).
Labels: Plastics
Artigos Relacionados:Plastic Properties of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
A linear polymer, High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) is prepared from ethylene by a catalytic process. The absence of branching results in a more closely packed structure with a higher density and somewhat higher chemical resistance than LDPE. HDPE is also somewhat harder and more opaque and it can withstand rather higher temperatures (120° Celsius for short periods, 110° Celsius continuously).
Labels: Plastics
Artigos Relacionados:Bioplastics
A form of plastics derived from plant sources such as hemp oil, soy bean oil and corn starch rather than traditional plastics which are derived from petroleum. This is regarded as a more sustainable activity, as it relies less on fossil fuel imports and produces less greenhouse emissions, producing between 0.8 and 3.2 tonnes of carbon dioxide less per tonne of bioplastics compared to the same weight in petroleum-based plastics
Labels: Plastics
Artigos Relacionados:Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) - This material is a terpolymer of acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene. Usual compositions are about half styrene with the balance divided between butadiene and acrylonitrile. Considerable variation is, of course, possible resulting in many different grades of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene with a wide range of features and applications. In addition, many blends with other materials such as polyvinylchloride, polycarbonates and polysulfones have been developed. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene materials can be processed by any of the standard thermoplastic processing methods.
Labels: Plastics
Artigos Relacionados:There are many sizes and types of injection molding machines, but the machines all follow the sequence shown in this animation.
A mold is bolted into the Clamping section of the machine. The machine closes the mold, then applies a large force to “Lock” the mold closed. Inside the closed mold is a cavity that is the exact shape of the plastic part.
The Injection section of the machine has a hopper to hold plastic pellets; a barrel with heater bands to liquefy the plastic pellets; a feed screw to move the pellets forward in the barrel; a check valve to force the liquid plastic into the mold, and a nozzle to seal the injection section to the mold. The liquefied plastic is forced into the cavity of the mold with high pressure.
Labels: Injection
Artigos Relacionados:Design agency Tin Horse has redesigned the packaging for Colgate Palmolive's range of washing-up liquids, creating a series of ergonomic packs.
Following a briefing from Colgate’s New York-based global design team, Tin Horse worked closely with the FMCG giant on all stages of the design process – from the conceptual stage, through to pack development, research and final design.
Tin Horse said that it has created a packaging concept that resonates with consumers on an "emotional" level across the globe.
The agency created a design that would work across a variety of pack sizes, with ergonomics to make them comfortable in the hands of consumers. The packs feature a newly-design closure that blends into the shape of the bottle, to create an uninterrupted silhouette.
Labels: Industrial News
Artigos Relacionados:JEDDAH – Delaware, Ohio - based Greif Inc. said in a statement that it is forming a joint venture with a Saudi Arabian company to handle the production of “flexible” industrial packaging.
Greif said the joint venture will include a business that makes a type of container called “flexible intermediate bulk containers,” otherwise known as “big bags.”
Greif, through a subsidiary, has agreed to form a flexible products joint venture (JV) with National Scientific Company Limited (NSC), a subsidiary of Dabbagh Group Holding Co. Dabbagh is a leading privately held Middle East business group headquartered in Saudi Arabia. Greif will manage the JV, 50 percent of which will be owned by National Scientific, and 50 percent by Greif’s subsidiary.
The venture includes the flexible products business of Storsack, which was recently acquired by Greif. Storsack is the world’s largest producer of flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBCs), with 3,000 employees and 16 production facilities worldwide.
The joint venture will be completed after certain conditions are satisfied, including any necessary merger and regulatory approvals.
“This joint venture extends our core rigid industrial packaging business,” said Michael J. Gasser, Greif chairman and chief executive officer. “By joining forces with NSC and the Dabbagh Group, which has an established reputation as a trusted partner and pioneer of business within the Middle East and internationally, the JV will benefit from upstream advantages in the flexible products business.
Labels: Industrial News
Artigos Relacionados:Exopack Holding Corp. is acquiring Bemis Co.’s plastics packaging operations in Menasha, Wis. and Tula, Okla., for around $81 million, subject to post-closing adjustments The acquisition includes production equipment and intellectual property.
Under the terms of an order signed by the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia earlier this year, Bemis was required to divest the two facilities, which were part of its acquisition of Alcan Packaging Food Americas. The sale of the facilities is subject to regulatory approval.
Exopack is a manufacturer of paper and plastic packaging products. The company specializes in substrate development, film extrusion, printing, lamination, and converting of flexible packaging products.
“This purchase of the Menasha and Tulsa facilities reflects our commitment to our customers and other key stakeholders that we will continue to expand our capabilities and product offerings and strengthen the presence of the Exopack brand in the global marketplace,” says Jack Knott, Exopack chairman and CEO.
Labels: TAPPI NEWS
Artigos Relacionados:Despite reaching a plateau of sorts, research firm Global Industry Analysts Inc. (GIA) believes the microwave packaging market will see growth over the near- to medium-term, and ultimately reach $2.52 billion by 2015. This growth, says the researcher, will be driven by trends toward take-home and packaged convenient frozen foods, increasing popularity of microwaveable foods and innovation in product offerings.
Although a look at recent packaging award programs confirms microwave packaging isn't short on innovation, GIA's study shows that growth in the U.S. microwave packaging market recently decelerated. Primary reasons for this sluggishness include a recently tough business environment in the upstream packaging industry, as well as reduced investments on new microwave packaging machinery and equipment and limited availability of financial resources for research and development thanks to the recession. However, as the economic downturn wanes and companies begin to invest in technology development and new applications again, GIA believes growth will return yet again.
Labels: TAPPI NEWS
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